þusrf;ykd'fESifhygwfoufí (1483-1546) ckESpf? rmwifvkom ajymMum;cJYonfrSm?]]raumif;qkd;0g;0dnmOf qdk;rsm;onf? rtdyfrae? nmPfeD? nmPfeuftoHk;jyKum qmavmifaeaomjcaoFYtvm;a[mufvQuft b,folukd rsKd&rnfUukd vSnfUvnfoGm;vmaeonf[lí ajymMum;cJYonf/ (Martin Luther. Th.D. , Commentary on Peter and Jude, Kregel Classics, 1990 reprint, p. 218; comment on I Peter 5:8).

a'gufwmvef;puD;ajymMum;cJY&mwGif?]]xkdtcsdefwGifeD½kd;bk&if\ MumufvefYzG,fnSif;yef;ESdyfpufjcif; ukd oem;p&m c&pf,mefbmoma&; 'ku©onfrsm;tm; aMumufvefYwkefvIyfapcJYonf[k qkd\/ A.D 64. atmufwkdbmvavmufwGif jyif;xefaom nSif;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;½SdcJYonf/ ½Sifayw½konf rmwk&taocHcJY &\/ pmwefrmefewfonf xkduJYodkY tNrJwapnSif;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;vnf;rvkyfcJYyg/(R. C. H. Lenski, Th.D., The Epistles of St. Peter, St. John and St. Jude, Augsburg Publishing House, 1966, p. 225).

yxr&mpk3&mpkavmufu? rmefewf[lí ac:wGifavmufaom a½S;acwfa&mrwkdY\nSif;yef;ESdyf pufrlBuD;onf c&pf,mefbmom0ifwkdYukd wppDjzdKzsuftpdyfpdyfrTmrTmuGJjym;apcJYonf/ xkdtwGufaMumifY ½Sifayw½ku atmufygtwkdif;a&;om;cJYjcif;jzpfygonf

]]or®mowd½SdvQufrtdyfbJapmifYaeMuavmY/ oifwkdY\ &efolrmefewfonf a[mufaomjcaoFYuJYokdY tb,folukd rsKd&rnfenf;[lí vSnfUvnf½SmazGvQuf½Sd\(1ay5;8)/

rmwifvkom acwfwkef;u rmefewfonf pl;pl;½S½S[def;a[mufarTaESmufnSif;yef;ESyfpufaeouJYokdY? urÇmESifYt0Srf;tpkvkduf? tjyHKvkdufowfjzwffjcif;onf ,aeYw½kwfEldifiHwGif ½kd;&m,Ofaus;rItoGif ajymif;vJa&;umvjzpfíaomf¤if;? wpfzufpGef;a&mufrlpvifwkdY\ Ncdrf;ajcmufwkdufckdufxkd;ESufrIonf jzpfaeqJyifjzpfygonf/

okdYaomfvnf; rmefewf\ [def;a[mufjcif;onf aemufurÇmjcrf;wGifrawGY&ay/ rodomrxifr½Sm; aomenf;vrf;toHk;jyKí vltrsm;ukd ]]0g;rsKd}} aeonfukd awGY&onf/ aiGaMu;"ersm;omta&;BuD;\[l aom? ½kyf0g'jzifY vlrsm;wkdYukd owdarYarQmvQuf ikdufrsOf;tdyfaysmfapNyD;? rsufarSmufawmfü bk&m;½Sif½dSaejcif;ukd arYavQmYapaom enf;vrf;ukd rmefewfonf toHk;jyKavY½Sdonf/ rmefewfonf vQdKY0Sufqef;us,fpGmjzifY ,aeYtar&duefESifY taemufEldifiHrsm;ukd 0g;rsKdaeonf/ rodem;rvnfEkdifaom enf;vrf;jzifY rmefewfonf tvkyfvkyfaeNyD; ol\ yef;wdkifonfvnf;]]ol0g;pm;zkdYolYukd ½SmazGapjcif;}} onfomjzpf\/ c&pfawmfrdefYawmfrlonfrSm ]]rmefewfonf a½SYOD;pGmrSpí vltoufukd owfaomol jzpf\(a,m8;44)ü az:jya&;om;xm;ygonf/ rmefewf\ trnfaemufwrsdK;onf ]]tA'´Kef[lownf; (Asm9;11)/ tA'´Kef\ teuft"dyÜg,frSm ]]tzsufarSmuform;}} [krnf\/ rmefewfonf vsdK0Sufí aomf¤if;? yGifYvif;pGmjzifYaomf¤if;? rmefewfonf vlom;0dnmOfrsm;ukd 0g;rsKd&ef? owfjzwf&efESifY zsufqD;&efomBuDK;pm; vkyfaqmifaeonf/ ,aeYtar&duefEldifiH ESpfjcif;toif;toif;awmf? oif;tkyfq&mrsm;BuHKawmifBuHKcJY pmwefrmefewftaMumif;ukd w&m;a'oemawmf ra[mMum;&avatmif pmwefonf wddwfwdwfykef;wm;qD;vQufatmifjrif0ifY<um;vQuf½SdaeayNyD/ tb,frQavmuf 0dnmOfrsufpd uef;ae&Murnfenf; ,aeY pmwefrmefewf\ BudK;pm;vkyfaqmifrI tm;vkH;ukd rdrdwkdY toif;awmfü a[mMum;zkdYvkdtyfaeNyD/

0dnmOfa&;&mü ½l;oGyfaeNyD;vm; tar&duefEldifiH&,fµ ESpfpOfESpfwkdif;aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;tpDpOf? c&pörwfyGJawmfBuD;usif;yjcif;tpDpOf? ½Sifjyefxajrmufjcif; aeYxl;aeYjrwftwGuf EldifiHawmfykdif ausmif;rsm;ü usif;yzkdYydwfyifcJYMujyD; ESpfpOfESpfwkdif;pmoifcef;? twef;rsm;ukd pmwefrmefewf tvkdustwkdif; uav;oli,frsm;tm; ewfqkd;toGif? pkef;r? aoG;pkyfpkef; toGif0wf qifapMuNyD; rdrdwkdYtwef;ausmif;rsm;ukd tvSqifqifEGJcJYMuygonfwum;/ or®musrf;pmawmf rdefYawmfrlonfum; ]]ynm½Sda,mifaqmifvQufESifY vlrkduft&müwnfMuonfjzpfí/(a&mr1;22)ü az:jyxm;ygonf/ ½SdwfpyD;,m; ajymMum;cJYonfrSm ]]tb,frQavmuf½l;oGyfMurSmvJ aorsKd;vlom;&,f}} [lí ajymMum; cJYygonf/

þtaMumif;t&mrsm;onf uREkfyfwkdYtm; rmwifvkomxHykdYaqmifay;aeygonf/ olUukd 20&mpk wkef;u vGwfvyfpGm awG;ac:aom usrf;wufyk*¾dKvfrsm;u pmwefESifY 0dnmOfqkd;rsm;taMumif; tao;pdwfaqG;aEG;ay;xm;csuftay: tNrJwrf;jypfwifpGyfpGJcJYMuygonf/ ,aeYacwfopfajymif;vJjcif;rvdk vm;aom rmwifvkom aemufvkduf tD0yftrfh yvufpfuyifvQif rmwifvkom\ rmefeufESifYygwfoufí a&;om;az:jycsufrsm;tay: a0zefjypfwifvQuf½dSonf/ yvufpfu qufí ajymMum;onfrSm]]rmwifvkomonf pmwefrmefewf\ vkyfaqmifydkifaom wef;ckd;tmPmxufydkaom pGrf;tm; ½Sifoabmaqmifí ajymMum;cJY\ obm0taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifY uREkfyfwkdYukd pmwefxdk;ESufwkdufckduf aeonfukdawmY pkd;pdrQoHo,r½Sdygbl;}}[lí ajymMum;cJYonf/ NyD;aemuf yvufpfu rdrdukdukd umuG,f ajymqkdcJYonfrSm ]]pmwefonf omrefxuf pGrf;aqmifEkdifonf[laom t&monfjzpfEldifacs½Sd\ xdkYaMumifY pmwefonf uREkfyfwkdYBuHBuHcHEkdifrlukdyif wkduf½kdufzsufqD;Eldifonfukd awGY&ygonf/ (Ewald M. Plass, What Luther Says, Concordia Publishing House, 1994 edition, pp. 391-392).

a';0d'ft,fvfY vmqefuvnf; rmwifvkom\ pmwefrmefewfESifY ywfoufí a&;om;azmf jyjcif;tay: ao;odrfatmifESdrfí a&;om;ajymMum;cJYonfrSm ]]rmwifvkomonf tv,facwfwkef;u bk&m;½SifESifY pmwefrmefewfMum; aomUcwfydwfxm;aom wkdufckdufrIMum;u vlom;tm;vkH;taMumif;ESifY pmweftm; tqkH;owfw&m;pD&ifaomaeYonf tvseftjref a&mufvmaeonfukd odjrifoljzpfonf}}[lí a&;om;az:jy xm;ygonf/ (David L. Larsen., M.Div., D.D., The Company of the Preachers, Kregel Publications, p. 153).

a'gufwmvmqefonf? vkom\? rmpwm'D*&D oifMum;avhvmoif,lcJYaom wkdYü rmwifvkom\ rmefewfESifYywfoufí a&;om;csufrsm;tay: trSm;½SmazGcJYoljzpfonf/ uREkfyfawmfawGYMuKHcJYzl;ygonf? ,HkMunfjcif;BuD;rm;aom olwkdY\ trSm;ukd ½SmNyD;tjypfwifpGyfpGJaom ausmif;om;rsm;awGaygAsmY? 'gaMumifY uREkfyfausmif;NyD;cJY aom? ausmif;ESpfausmif;taMumif;ukd uREkfyfajymwmaygY? uREkfyfuawmY? xkdausmif;ü oGef;oiforQtm;vkH;ukd pGefYvTwfcJYygw,f? vmqefusawmYrpGef;vTwfcJYbl;? xdkYaMumif vmqefu rmwifvkom taMumif;ukd ao;odrfatmifa&;om;jcif;jzpfw,f?]]rmwifvkomonf tv,facwfwkef;u aomYcwfxm;aom bk&m;½SifESifY pmwefrmefewfwkdY\ wkdufyGJMum;u eufeJaomvlom;tm;vkH;taMumif; ESifY pmwefrmefewfukd w&m;pDd&ifzkdY tvseftjrefpD&if&maeY jrefqefvQufa&mufvmaeonfudk odaomol jzpfonf}}[lí a&;om;az:jycJYygonf/ rnfonfYt&m;rsm;rSm;aeygoenf;¿? tb,fYaMumifY tv,facwfuvl[lí okH;EIef;zkdYvkdygoenf;¿? tv,facwfwkef;u rmwifvkomonf *sL;vl;rsdK;rsm;ESifY ywfoufí ajymMum;csufrsm;ESifY? tjcm;aomtaMumif;udpörsm;twGuf uREkfyfvnf;jiif;y,fygonf/ okdYaomfvnf; bk&m;½SifESifYpmwefMum; aomYcwfvQuf eufeJpGm xkd;ESufwkdufcdkufrIMum;ü vlom;rsm;½Sdae onf[k ajymqkd&mwGif vkomü trSm;r½Sdygbl;? tb,faMumifqkdaom or®musrf;pmü xkduJUodYaz:jyxm;aomaMumifYjzpfonf/

]]or®mowd½SdvQuf rtdyfbJapmifYaeMuavmY/ oifwkdY\&efolrmefewfonf? a[muf aomjcaoFYuJYokdY tb,folukd rsKd&rnfenf;? vSnfUvnf½SmazGvQuf½Sd\(1ay5;8)

pmwefrmefewfESifY taygif;tyg 0dnmOfqkd;rsm;taMumif; rmwifvkomajym Mum;csufrsm;onf rsm;aomtm;jzifY rSefuefygonf/

1/yxr? pmwefrmefewf\ rlvZwfjrpfukd rmwifvkom ajymMum;csufrsm;onf rsm;aomjzifY rSefuef ygonf/

vkomajymMum;cJYonfrSm?

[pmwefonf rnfonfUae&mrS tpjyKa&muf½Sdvmygoenf;¿] usqkH;oGm;aom aumif;uifwrmefrsm;onf arSmifrkdufwefckd;ukd pkd;&aom 0dnmOfqkd;rsm;tjzpf ajymif;vJvmMuygonf/

or®musrf;pmawmfü rdefYawmfrlonfrSm

]]tkdeHeufom;? rkd;aomufMu,f? oifonfaumif;uifuusavNyDwum;? tjynf jynfffffwkdYukd EdSyfpufaom oifonf ajrwkdifatmifckwfvSJjcif;ukd cH&avNyDwum;/ oifuvnf;aumif;uifay:okdY igwufrnf? bk&m;ocif\ Mu,fwkdYtay:rSm igYyv’ifukd igcsD;ajrmufrnf ajrmufrsufESmbuf Asm'dwfawmfay:rSm igxkdifrnf rkd;wdrfxdyfay:okdY igwufrnf tjrifYqkH;aom bk&m;ocifuJYokdY igaernf[kt BuH½SdavNyD/ okdYaomfvnf;? oifonfr&PmEkdifiH? ocFsKdif;wGif;xJokdY ESdrfYcsjcif; ukd cH&avNyD/ (a[½Sm14;12-15)/

vkomajymMum;cJYonfrSm-

      bk&m;½Sifonf aumif;aomaumif;uifwrefrsm;ukdom zef;qif;xm;cJjcif;jzpfonf/ okdYaomf qkd;aom aumif;uifwrefrsm;½Sdvm\/ Ekwfuywfawmf or®mw&m;ü wnfraeawmYyJ rSm;,Gif;aom aumif;uifwrefaemufokdY vkdufMu\/ rdrdwdkY rmetm;jzifY usqkH;&jcif;jzpfMu\/ olwkdYonf bk&m;½Sifom;t&mü rESpfouf awmYí? qefYusifcJYMuNyD;? bk&m;½Sif\ ae&mtay:ü xkdifaevkdMuonf/ (Plass, ibid., p. 391).

vkomajymorQukd usrf;pmu axmufcHygonf/ vkomESifY usrf;pmawmfjrwfESpfckpvkH;u? (a,Zausv28;13-17)ukd uREkfyfwkdYtm;axmufjyaeonf

]]{'ift&yf? bk&m;½Sif\ O,sOfawmfüaeNyD/ oif\acgif;ay:rSm ausmufeD? Oomz&m;? pdef? rsuf½GJ?aMumif? e*g;oGJY?eDvm jr? ywÅjrm;? tp½Sdaom ausmufrsuftrsdK;rsdK;wkdYudk aqmif;av\ a½TjzifYvkyf aom?ywfom? ykavGwkdYonfvnf;? oifzGm;aomaeYüyif oifYtzkdYjyifqifvQuf½Sd u\/ oifonfvTrf;rdk;aom bdodufcH&onfU ac½kAdrfjzpfvQuf? igtcGifYESifY bk&m;½Sif\ oefY½Sif;aomawmfay:rSm ae&musí rD;awmufaom ausufwkdYwGif oGm;vm&\/ zGg;aomaeYrSpí oifYtjypfxif;½Sm;aom aeYwkdifatmif jyKav&m&mü pHkvifvQuf½Sd\/ oYkd&mwGif ukefoG,fjcif;rsm;jym;aomtm;jzifY t"r®mwkdYESifY jynfYpHkí jypfrsm;aom tjypfa&mufavNyD/ xkdYaMumifY? qkd;,kwfoluJYokdY oifYukd bk&m;ocif\ awmifawmfay:u igESifYxkwfrnf/ tkdvTrf;rkd;aom ac½kAdrf? rD;awmufaom ausmufwkdY txJu oifYukd igy,f½Sif;rnf/ oifonf ukd,füwifYw,fjcif; toa&aMumifY? 0g

½Sif,k'Mo0g'pmü az:jyxm;ouJYokdY usqHk;aom aumif;uifwref;rsm;onf 0dnmOfqdk;ewf qkd;rsm;jzpfvmMuonf/

]]xdkrSwyg;rdrdwkdY tcGifYt&mukdrapmifY? rdrdwkdYae&mt&yfukd pGefYypfaom aumif; uifwrefwkdYukd MuD;pGmaomaeYü ppfaMumpD&ifjcif;tvkdiSg xm0&csnfaESmiffjcif; tm;jzifY arSmifrkdufxJrSm csKyfxm;awmfrl\ (,k' 6,) /

usqkHk;avaom tcsKdUaumif;uifwref;rsm;ukd oHBudK;jzifY csOfaESmifvQuf i&Jü avSmifxm;onf/ rsm;pGm aom 0dnmOfqkd;rsm;onf ,aeY urÇmay:wGif ½SdaeMuygonf/ vkomajymMum;cJYonfrSm- ]]þurÇmonf rmefewftaygif;tygrsm;pGm jynfYESufaeygonf}}[k ajymMum;\/ rmefewf[lonf 0dnmOfqkd;rsm;yif jzpfonf/ "r®moDcsif;oDqkdygonf/

-0dnmOfqkd;rsm;jynfUESufaom urÇmay:0,f
uREkfyfwkdYtm;pkHprf;aoG;aqmifjyD;
   bk&m;½Sifonf apmifYxdef;umuG,frl\
Ekwfuywfawmfonf tpOftwl½Sd\
    (rmwifvkom pwefZmo&D;? a&om;oDukH;aom wefckd;½Sif tkdtzµ)

2/'kwd,?   pmwefrmefewfonf pdwfysuftm;i,fapaomtaMumif;w&m;\ t&if;tjrpfjzpfonf[laom vkomajymMum;csufonf rSefuefygonf/

vkomajymMum;cJYonfrSm-

      pmwefonf pdwftm;avsmYi,fapaomolESifY aojcif;\ t½Sifonfjzpf\/ xkdYaMumifY bk&m;½SifESifY rdwfom[m, jyKav&m&mü uREkfyfwkdYtm; pdwfysufapaomolonf pmwefrmefewfyifjzpfonf/ (Plass, ibid., p. 398).

b      moma&;toGifajymif;vJapolu pmweftm; pdwfysuftm;i,fapolu0dnmOfqdk; [lí¤if;? tvif;ESifYxm0&toufukd rkef;wD;olESifY vlYtoufukd owfjzwfol[k qdk\/ arSmifrkdufwefcdk;rif;ESifh pdwfysuftm;i,fapaom0dnmOfqkd;jzpfaomaMum ifY arSmifrkdufxJusa&mufapzkdY vlom;wdkYtm;aoG;aqmifae\/ vlom;wkdYtm;tjypf om;yrmarQmfvifYcsufrJYap\/ (Comment on Luther, Plass, ibid. pp. 397-398).

vkomajymMum;cJYonfrSm-

-rmefewfonf aMumufvefYzG,f tawG;rsm;ukd pdwfESvkH;om;xJokdYypfcwf\
      bk&m;½Sifukd rkef;wD;ap\/ tjypfwifap\? pdwfysuftm;enf;aponf/ ¤if; ukd ({zwf6;16)ü rD;pufvufeuf[lí ac:onf/(Plass, ibid, p. 399).

þt&mrsm;,aeY vlom;rsm;ü jzpfysufcHpm;aponf/ toif;awmfvlMuD;wyg;u? vli,fwOD;ESifY awGYqHk cef;rü wkd;wdwfpGm ajymMum;pOfwGif xkdvli,fu]]bk&m;½SifuREkfyfawmfukd rcspfbl;}} ]]a,½Ivnf; uREkfyfukd rcspfbl;}}[lí ajymMum;cJY\/ vkomajymMum;ouJYokdY xkdtawG;ac:wkdYonf pmwefxHrS vma&mufjcif;jzpfonf/ pmwefonf bk&m;emrukd usdefqJol? pdwfysuftm;i,fapoljzpfonf [lí ajymMum;NyD;? oif;axmufu usrf;pmukd zwfMum;ay;cJY\/

]]bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfukd ,HkMunfaomoltaygif;wkdYonf ysufpD; jcif;okdYra&muf? xm0&toufukd &apjcif;iSg? bk&m;ocifonf rdrd ü wyg;wnf;aom om;awmfukd pGefYawmfrlonfUwkdifatmif avmuD om;wkdYukdpGefYawmfrl\(½Sifa,m[ef3;16)/

oif;axmufu? oifþusrf;ukd ,HkMunfw,frvm;[lí ar;\ tajzukd rajzqdkcJYyg/ pmwefrmefewfu ajzqkdzdkYqD;wm;jcif;yJjzpfonf/ rmefewfonf ]]Ekwfuywfawmfukd Mum;jyD;emcHvkdufavQmufrnfukd}} rvdkvm;ay/ vkomuajymMum;cJYonfrSm ]]pmwefrmefewf\ nmPfeD? nmPfeufu uREkfyfwkdYtm;bk&m;½Sif \Ekwfuywfawmfukd em;raxmifapvkdyg}}/ (Plass, ibid., p. 396)

trsdK;orD;i,fwpfOD;uvnf; oif;axmuftm; xkdokdYajymMum;cJY\ uRefr\ bk&m;½Sif\ tjypfcGifYvTwfjcif;rcHpm;&bl;? rnfonfYtaMumif;aMumifYawmYrod&bl;[lí ajymMucJY\/ bmaMumifYqkdonfukd trsKd;orD;i,frod&aomfvnf;? uREkfyfawmfuodaew,f? tjypfcGifvTwfjcif;rcH pm;&jcif;u bk&m;½Sif\uwdawmfukd ukd;pm;&rnfYtpm; xkdtawG;ukd pmwefu olr\pdwfxJü xnfUoGif;aomaMumifYjzpfonf/ ]]igxHokdY vmaomolukd igonftvsif;ry,f}}[laom c&pfawmf\ w&m;pmum;ukd jiif;qeffapaomaMumifYjzpfonf (a,m[ef6;37)/ vkomajymMum;ouJYokdY ]]rmefewfonf aMumufvefYzG,ftawG;rsm;ukd pdwfESvkH;om;xJokdY xnfUoGifay;onf/ rmefewf\OmPfeDOmPfeuf aoG;aqmifjcif;tm;jzifY bk&m;½Sif\ Ekwfuywfawmfukd em;raxmifapvkdyg}}/

3/wwd,?   pmwefrmefewftm;jzifY pdwfysuftm;i,fapjcif;onf 0dnOfawmfutjypfukd az:jyay;jcif;ESiYf rwlnDyg[laom vkom\ ajymMum;csufonf trSefyifjzpfonf/

vkomu pdwfysuf? tm;i,fapjcif;onf pmwefrmefewfrS zefwD;aomaMumifYjzpfonf[kqdk\ tjypfukd az:jyjcif;onf bk&m;½SifxHawmfrS vma&mufjcif;jzpfonf/ Ekwfuywfawmfu? wlnDaom xl;jcm;csufukday;onf/

]]tb,fokdYenf;[lrlum;? bk&m;ocif\ tvkdawmfESif nDaom0rf;enf;jcif;on u,fwifjcif;okdU a&mufapjyD;0rfenf;yufvufjzpfusefcJYjcif;r½Sd? vmuD0rf;enf; jcif;rlum; aojcif;ukkdjzpfapwmf\(2aum7;10)

vkomu ppfrSefaom toufwmajymif;vJjcif; rwkdifcifrdrdtjypfESifYygwfoufí 0rf;enf;jcif;½Sd& rnf[kajym\/

tppftrSefajymifvJjcif;twGuf? Ekd;Mum;aomtodpdwf"gwfjzifY aMumuf½THYaompdwf½Sd &rnfjzpfonf/ þuJUodkYawGUMuHKcHpm;NyD;ygu oifonf topfwpfzefjyKjyifjcif;cH &rnfjzpfonf/xkdtcgoifajzodrfYp&m½Sdvmrnf?xkdajzodrfhp&monfoifYESvkH;om;xJu vma&mufjcif;r[kwfawmYyg/ bk&m;ocif txHawmfyg;u vma&mufjcif;yifjzpf onf/ bk&m;½Sifonf om;awmfa,½Itm;pdk;&drfaMumuf½GYHolwkdYtzkdYoem;jcif;? *½kPm awmf½Sdjcif;ukd aMumfjimzkdY þavmuokdY apvTwfcJUjcif;jzpfonf/ þuJYokdYtopfjyK jyifjcif;onf þuJYodkY jzpfysufvmrnfjzpfNyD;? tjcm;enf;vrf;jzifY r[kwfEdkifyg/ (Plass, ibid., p. 343).

vkomajymMum;cJUonfrSm-

      ajzmifYrwfjcif;[k tac:cH&jcif;onf/ tjypfESifYaojcif;rS a½G;Ekwfay;aom aMumifYjzpfonf/ rdrdukdukdMud;Kpm;jcif;tm;jzifYr[kwfyg/ rnfonfUt&mtm; jzifYMuDK;pm;ívnf;r[kwfyg? cspfawmfrlaom om;awmfa,½Ic&pftm;jzifY u,fwifaomaMumifY jzpfygonf/ (Plass, ibid, p..343).

vkomajymMum;cJYonfrSm-

      ajzmifYrwfjcif;[k tac:cH&jcif;onf? a,½Ic&pfukd HkMunfjyD;pum;awmfukd emcHjcif;tjyif rnfonfUt&mtm;jzifY r&Ekdifyg/ (Plass, ibid, p.707).

þxl;jcm;csufukd usrf;pmawmfESiYf tnDcGJxGufaomolrsm;ESifY *Eå0ifajrmuf ESpfjcif;toif;awmfrsm;u jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;orm; rmwifvkom\ tqkdukdoabmwlMuygonf/ wrefawmfBuD;½Sifaygvk ajymMum;&mwGif? ]]ocifa,½Ic&pfukd ,HkMunfMuavmY/ ,HkMunfvQif oifESihf oif\tdrfoltdrf m;wkdYonf u,fwifjcif;okdYa&mufMuvdrfYrnf (wref16;31)ü az:jyxm; ygonf/ þxufykdaomt&mrvkdtyfawmYay/ c&pfwmfü ,kHMunfjcif;tm;jzifY u,fwifjcif;&½Sdygonf/ oifwkdY\ oDcsif;pmtkyfxJueHygwf(3)ukd oDqkdMuygpdkYµ

-ckdifrmaom &JwkdufBuD; ajruwkwfwHwkdif; bk&m;½Sif
zsm;em;jcif; uif;a0;apaom arwåm*½kPm½Sif
umvtpOf qkd;npf&efolonf ay;vQufae'ku©a0'em
y&d,m,fonf eufeJvS? BuD;jrwfaomwef;ckd;
EIdif;zG,fr½Sd ajrBuD;ay:

-rdrdwdkYtwGif;ESvkH;om;usifYMuHtm;xkwfrIavQmYoGm;/
bk&m;½Sifom;awmfonfuREkfyfwkdYukd a½G;cs,fcJYNyD
xkdt½Sifonfrnfolenf;¿ c&pfawmfa,½Iaywnf;
xm0&bk&m;emr acwftqufqufbkef;awmfxif½Sm;
ppfyGJukd atmifEkdifol

-rmefewfqkd;rsm;jynfUeufí ajcmufvSefYaom þurÇm
Ekwfuywfawmfor®mw&m;u tpOfapmifYxdef;ayeonf
avmuDarSmifrdkufwefcdk;? igwkdYtm;rpdk;rkd;Ekdif
pmwefa'gotrsuf igwkdYonf aMumufvefYjcif;r½Sd
Ekwfuywfawmf tEkdif,lav

-txufaumif;uifwef;ckd;u avmuDwef;ckd;xufMuD;rm;vS
0dnmOfawmfESifY ocifYaus;Zl; uREfkyfwkdYESifY tpOf½Sdavonf
toufwmü El;nYHodrfarGYvQufjynfUpHkvS
cEåmukd,f taoowfvnf;? 0dnmOfonf tpOftouf½Sif
ocifYEkdifiHawmfum; tpOfwnf\
   (1483-1546? rmwifvkom oDukH;aom]]bk&m;½Sifonf BuD;rm;aom&Jwkduf}}ukd 1805-1890? z&d'&dwfpf [pfcsfu bmomjyefoDqkdonf/

vlom\ b0toufwmukd pyg*sefvm az:jyrItusOf;

]]ajzmifYrwf&mü wnfaomolonf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifY touf½SifvdrfYrnf (a&mr 1;17)

pyg*sefuajym Mum;cJYonfrSm-

-rmwifvkom\ b0tawGYtMuHxJu ta&;BuD;írom,maom jzpf&yfukd tusOf; csHK;NyD; az:jyay;ygrnf/ MuD;rm;í ausmfMum;aom bmoma&; jyKjyifajymif;vJ ay;oljzpfNyD; {0Ha*vdowif;aumif;ukd aES;auG;aom tqifY'D*&DjzifY ysufjym; apoljzpfonf/ bkef;awmfMuD;ausmif;ü Ekwfuywfawmfwnf;[laom]]ajzmwfrwf &mü wnfaomolonf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifY touf½SifvdrfYrnf}}[laom Ekwfuywfw&m;awmftm;jzifY csOfaESmifjcif; cH&av\/ þonf aumif;uifbHkuay;aom jypf'PfpD&ifcsufjzpf\? okdYaomfvnf; olonf ¤if;ESifywfoufaerIukd tukeftpifem;vnf;cJYjcif;r½SdcJhyg/ b,fenf;ESifYrS em;rvnfcJyJ? bmoma&; oabmw&m;ukd bkef;awmfMuD; ausmif;qkdif&m usifYokH;twkdif;om qufNrJqufav\ rSm;,Gif;rIrsm;aMumif;? tzefzefaemifw&apumrl? odem;vnfjcif;ü wkd;wufr vmcJYyg? Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf;t½Suf&apcJY\? armarmyef;yef; vkyfaqmifonffY wkdifatmif ½Sif;vif;aocsmatmif od½SdcJjcif;r½SdcJYyg/ olonf rdrdukdukd rdrdao jcif;wHcg;xdwkdif ydkYaqmifcJYav\/ olonf a&mrjrdKUukd c&D;qufzkdYjyifqifcJY\ xkdjrdKUü? or®musrf;pmukd ½Sif;vifodaom toif;awmf½Sdaeíjzpfonf/taMumif; rSm tjypfcGifYvTwfjcif; taMumif;ESifYygwfoufí oif½Sif;vif;pGm od&rSmjzpfjyD; oefY½Sif;pifMu,fapaom enf;vrf;rsm;tm;vHk;ukd oifem;vnf;oabmaygufrnf jzpfonf/ olonf oefY½Sif;aom a&mrjrdKUukd oGm;zkdYpdwful;,OfcJY\? okdYaomf vnf; olonf xkdjrdKUü½Sd olawmfaumif;a,mifaqmifolrsm;\ ajcmufvSefYjcif;? awm½kdif;wd&dpmäefwGif;xJü ypfcsí tpmauR;jcif;cH&rnfukd awG;aMumufcJY\ a&mrjrdKUü tjypf'PfpD&ifzkdY i&Jukd taqmuftOD;tjrifYqHk;ü aqmufvkyfxm;jyD; xkdae&mjzifY urÇmqHk;wckvHk;ukd jrifawGYEkdifonf[laom olwyg; ajympum;ukd aMumufvefYcJY\/ okdYaom ol\trSm;rsm;ukd ykyf&[efrif;xH0efcHNyD;at;aq;pGm em;,lzkdY ½SmazGcJY\/ odkYygaomvnf; rnfonfUt&mukdrS rawGY&rcHpm;&cJYyg (aemifwGif) t½Sifbk&m;u ol\,HkMunf&m oabmw&m; cH,lcsufrS vGwf ajrmufaponf/ ,pfyka&m[dwfrif;xHtjypf0efcsawmif;yef;jcif;ESifY nmPfeD? nmPfeuftm;jzifY rvTwfajrmufEdkif? trSm;ukd 0efcHjcif;tm;jzifY rvTwfajrmuf Ekdif vlom;wkdY\ vkyfawmifrI? touf½SifrItm;jzifY vlonf xm0&touf r½SifEkdif? c&pfawmfonftxHü ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifYom touf½Sif&onfuk od½SdvmcJYygonf/uREfkyfwdkY\or®musrf;pmu? a&mrumodkvfvpf bkef;awmfMuD;rsm;\ 0dnmOfukd i&JUürD;avmifapygonf/

]]ajzmifYrwf&mü wnfaomolonf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifY touf½SifvdrfYrnf}} (a&mr 1;17)/

aemufwGif vkomonf or®musrf;pmukd emvnf;oGm;ojzifY c&pfawmfwyg;wnf;ukdom ,HkMunftm;ukd; cJYygonf/f olonf olYtarxH þuJYokdYpma&;om;cJYonf/ ]]uREfkyfukd uREfkyfc&pfawmfü topfwzefarG; zGg;jyD;rSom yg&'dokbHkokdY 0ifpm;Ekdifygonf}}[lí a&;om;cJYonf/ pyg*sefajymMum;cJYonfrSm-

      rsm;rMumcif? olonf rdrd\todw&m;jyKrlusifYMuHjcif;xufEkwfuywfawmfukd ,HkMunfcJUonf/ (,pfyka&m[dwf? wufaZmvfonf *smreDEkdifiHokdY oGm;a&muf cJYjyD;tjypfcGifYvTwfjcif;pmapmifukd ajrmufrsm;pGm aiGaMu;jzifY a&mif;cJYonf/ -rnfonfY roifYavQmfaom jypfrlukd MuL;vGefygaomfvnf;? oifYtjypfcGiYf vTwfzkdY aMu;aiGukd ay;vkdufjcif; wcyfpmwGif oifYtjypf ajyaysmuf oGm;jyD;jzpfonf/ vkomonf xkdrw&m;rlukd Mum;í a'goxGufvQuf ]]ol\ r[mpnfykdif;MuD;ukd igtaygufazgufypfrnf}} [lí a<u;aMumf\/ trSefwu,fyJ vlomonf tjcm;aom r[mpnfykdif;MuD;ukkdyif taygufazgufypfcJY\/ toif;awmfbk&m;ausmif; t0ifayguf0ürmwifvkom xkwfEkwfí a&;om;aom pmwrf;ukd uyfxm;\/ rmwifvkomu? tjypf cGifYvTwfjcif;onf c&pfawmfü ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifY omvQif &½Sdjcif;jzpfNyD;aiGaMu; wefzkd;jzifY 0,f,lí r&EdlifaMumif; aMumfjimpm uyfxm;\/ ykwf&[ef; rif;MuD;\ tjypfcGifYvTwfpmapmifonf rMumrD &,f½TifzG,fjzpfomrnf[lí a<u;aMumfcJY\/ rmwifvkomonf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifY touf½SifcJY\/ trSm;ukd vlod½SifMum; twkduftcH qefYusifYjcif;ukd cH&ojzifY wzufrSm qdwfndrfaeaomfvnf;? jcaoYF wpfaumif om;aumifukd 0g;rsdKzkdY [def;a[mufonfUtvm; a'goxGu aeay\/ olü jyif;xefaomcHpm;csuf rsm;jynfUESufaom b0toufwmjzifY &efolwkdYMum; ppfyGJqifETJzkdYyif a½GUoGm;cJY\/aemufwGif rmwifvkomukd atmYpbmpfYokdY tppfaq;cHzkdY wrefqifYac:cHcJ&aomfvnf; olYtaygif; tazmfrsm;u xkdae&modkY roGm;a&muf&ef wm;qD;cJYMuonf/ xkdokdY olYtaygif; tazmfrsm;u? wpfukd,fxJ tifyg,m tkyfcsKyfa&; aumifpDokdYoGm;jyD; rajz½Sif;apvkdcJYyg/ taMumif;rSm olYukd rD;csdKUzsufqD; rnfukdodMu\/ odkYaomfvnf; ol\ trSefw&m;ukd vlwkdif;tm;od apvkdojzifY? jrif;vSnf;jzifY w½GmjyD;w½Gm? wNrDKUjyD;wjrDKUxGuf0ifjyD; ol\aMumfjimpmwrf;ukd zwfMum;cJUonf/ qif;&JUom;rsm;u vma&mufjyD; c&pfawmfociftwGuf rm;rm;rwfrwf&yfwnfa0iS oltm; vufqGJEkwfqufcJY Muonf/ olrnfuJrnfyHkMo*wf rif;&JUa½ShrSm? toufay;qyfonfUwkdif trSefw&m;ukd umuG,fcJYonfukd pOf;pm;awGUMunfUaygY/ olonfvnf; *Ref[upfuJYokdY ol\t½Sifocifbk&m;twGuf rD;t½IdUcHonfwkdif trSefw&m; ukd umuG,fcJYjcif;jzpfonf/ xkdaeY *smreDw&m;½Hk;wGif rmwifvkomonf axmifaygif;q,fcsDaom tvkyfukdvkyfcJY\ axmifaygif;q,fcsDí uav;oli,f? rdcifwkdYtm; olYaMumif;aumif;MuD; cHpm;&Mu\ bk&m;ocif emrawmfonfvnf; ydkí csD;ajrmufjcif;cH&avonf/ (C. H. Spurgeon, ''A Luther sermon at the Tabernacle", The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Pilgrim Publications, 1973 reprint, volume xxix, pp. 622-623).

]]ajzmifYrwf&mü wnfaom olonf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifY touf½SifvdrfYrnf}}(a&r 1;17)

1950 ckESpf? tapmydkif; ESpfjcif;toif;awmfü uREkfyfawmfrmwifvkomESifh rarQmfvifYyJ awGY qkHcJY\/ waeYaom we*FaEGnrSm rmwifvkom taMumif;tjzLtrJ? ½kyf½Sifukd MunfjzpfcJYonf/ olonf twdwfyHk&dyfqef;rsm;ukd pdwf0if;pm;pOf;pm;aeyHkay:onf uGsEkfyfpdwf0ifpm;avmufaom taMumif; t&m wckudkrSolajymroGm;cJhbl;/ ½kyf½Sifuvnf;NiD;aiGUp&maumif;NyD; tvGeftifrwefMumcJh\/ bmjzpf í NiD;aiGYzG,faumif;aom ½kyf½SifudkuGsEkfyf\ oif;tkyfq&ma'gufwm a0gvfwmatypfYu jy&ovJ[lí thHMord\/ xdkBuD;jrwfaom ½kyf½Sif\xl;jcm;em;aom tawG;tjrifu tckuGsEkfyf\ todtjrifudk us,fapNyD; xdk½kyf½Sifudk MunfhNyD; jyefBunfYcsifaerdonf/ ¤if;½kyf½Sifukd MunfhzdkU þae&mwGif ESdyf0ifyg/

uRefawmf 'kwd,tMuDrf rmwifvkomESifY rarQmfvifYyJ awGYqHkjzpfonfrSSm uREkfyftoufwm ajymif;vJjyD;aemufawmfwefMumrS awGUjzpfcJYonf/ *Ref0DpvD\ toufwmajymif;vJjcif; tawGUtBuKHudk zwfMum;cJhonf/ 0DpvDu ajymMum;cJhonfrSm-

waeUaomnaecif;ü uGEkfyfonfpdwfrygwygESifY atmf'g*dwfvrf;ray:u pmtkyfwkdufpm tkyfwkdufwckokdY oGm;a&mufcJYonf/ xkdae&mü vlwOD;u a&mrvlwkdYtzkdY Mo0g'pm[l aom vkom\ pmtkyfpum;csD;ukd zwfaeonfukd awGU&\ ukd;em&Dxkd;zYkd15rdepftvkdrSm bk&m;½Sifu c&pfawmfü ,HkMunfollwkdY\ pdwfESvkH;ukd wkdYxdNyD; ajymif;vJjcif;jzpfpOfukd ½Sif;jyaomtcg uREkfyfonf rjzpfpzl;aom &ifwGif;xJ aEG;axG;rlukd cHpm;vmcJYonf/ c&pfawmfukd udk;pm;vmonf/ c&pfawmfonf u,fwif½Sif[lodvmonfjyD; pdwfcsrl &ifxJü &½SdvmcJYonf/ xkdocifu uREkfyf\ tjypfukd ,laqmifoGm;cJjyD;jzpfaMumif;? odvmcJYonf/ (John Wesley, The Works of John Wesley, third editiion , Baker Book House, 1979 reprint, volume I, p. 103).

xkdt&mu uREkfyfpdwfxJü rSwfrSwf&& odrSwfap\/ tb,faMumifYqkdaom *REkfyfpvDonf yxrEkd;Mum; a&;umvü xdyfxdyfajymif w&m;a[m q&mMuD;wyg; jzpfvmcJYaomaMumiffYjzpfonf/ 0DpvDonf rmwifvkom az:jyaom c&pfawmfü ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifY ajzmiffYrwfol jzpfaMumif;ukd az:jyaom pum;vkHk;ukd em;axmifaomaMumifYjzpfonf/

qufvufí uREkfyfwkdY\ ESpfjcif; a½S;OD;zcifjzpfaom *Refqef,ef;\ toufwmxJu rsm;pGmaom tawGYBuHKukd avhvmcJUonf/ vkomtoufwm ajymif;vJjyD;aomtcg rSwfom;zG,f ]]ol\usrf;pmukd avhvmNyD; a&;om;csuftay:}} toufwmtwGuf ykdíMuD;jrwfaom tawG;tjrifopf rsm;ukd &cJYygonf/ (Pilgrim's Progress, Thomas Nelson, 1999 reprint, publisher's introduction, p. xii). bef,ef;onf ESpfjcif;toif;awmf\ emrnfMuD; pma&;q&mjzpfcJYonf/

rufo'uf toif;awmfacgif;aqmif *Ref;pD0vDonf rmwifvkom\ w&m;a[mcsufrsm; ukd tpOfem;axmifjcif;jzifY toufwm ajymif;vJcJYoljzpfonf/ ESpfjcif;toif;awmf acgif;aqmif *Ref;bef,efvnf; rmwifvkom\ a&;om;csufrsm;tm;jzifY toufwm ajymif;vJzdkY wGef;tm;jzpf cJYonf/ vkom\ a&;om;csufrsm;xJü BuD;rm;aom twk,lzG,f oifcef;pmrsm;½Sdaom pmtkyfaumif; jzpfonf[kxifygonf/

a'oemed*Hk;
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onf/www.realconversion.com ESdyfyg ]]w&m;a'oempmrl}}

You may email Dr. Hymers at rlhymersjr@sbcglobal.net, (Click Here) –
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Or phone him at (818)352-0452.

-a'oemawmfrwkdifcif? a'gufwmc&wfweft,fvfhcsefrS a[a½S, 14;12-15 ukd zwfMum;ay;onf/
-a'oemawmfrwkdifcif? rpöwmbif*srifcifudwf*&dwfzufpfrS 660-732 ?ckESpf tif',l;
       oDuHk;í? 1818-1866 ckESpf? *ReftrfeD,fvfbmomjyefoDqkdaom c&pf,mefwkdYawGEkdifygrnfvm;rSc&pf,mefppfonf?