uREkfyfonfckESpfwkef;u emrnfBuD; {0Ha*vdq&ma'gufwm*Refqkef;\ b0 toufwmudk avhvmNyD;avhvmqJyif jzpfonf/ a'gufwm*Ref;qkef;\ b0 touf wmudddk avhvmaomtcg? uREkfyfb0ESifhtvGefqifwlaom tcsufrsm;ESifh xl;jcm;aom tcsufrsm;pGm&Sdojzifh uREkfyf\a'omemawmfudk zwfoly&dowfrsm;uvnf; pdwf0if pm;Mu rnf[kxifrdygonf/

tapmydkif;b0toufwm

*Refqkef;\ b0tapmykdif;ESifh uREkfyfb0tapmydkif;onf xl;jcm;em;csuf rsm;pGm &Sdaeygonf/ olonf c&pf,mef rdom;pkrS aygufzGg; vmol jzpfygonf/ uREkfyfrlum;c&pf,mefrdom;pkrS aygufzGg;vmonf r[kwfyg/uREkfyf\zcifonf a&mif;0,fazgufum;orm; wpfOD;jzpfNyD;?a'gufwmqkef;\ zcifonf oif;tkyf q&mwyg; jzpfcJYygonf/ a'gufwmqkef;\zcifu olYom;tm; trlawmfaqmif wOD; jzpfapcsifcJYygonf/ uREkfyf\zcifrlum; xdkodkYtrlawmfaqmifwOD; rjzpf apcsifcJYyg/ a'gufwmqkef;onf OmPfxufjrwfoljzpf tar&duefEdlifiH wuúodkvfü (21)v twGif;zDtdyfcsf'DbGJudk touf20ESpft&G,fwGif &,lchJoljzpfonf/ uREkfyf onf txufwef;ynmudkwpfESpftwGif;csif;ratmifjzpfcJyg/ txufwef; atmif jrifzdkY nausmif;yif wufcJh&onf/ or®musrf;pmausmif;üvnf ESpfcsif;ratmif jrifcJJhyg/ odkaomfvnf; ausmif;rxGufcif uREfkyf\ toufwm ajymif;vJaeNyD jzpfonf/ a'gufwmqkef;onf tNrJwrf;vdkvdkyif xufjrwfaom ausmif;om; jzpfonf/olonf bGJ'D*&D&&SdcJhol jzpfonf/ olonf"gwkaA'ynm&yfjzif bGJUudk9vtwGif; &,lcJYoljzpfonf/ "gwkaA' ynm&yfjzifh a'gufwmbGJUudk 21vtwGif; &,lcJYoljzpfonf/ uREkfyfrlum; uREkfyftoufwm ajymif;vJjyD;onftxd qif;&JUEGrf;yg;vsuf ynmoifMum; cJY& ygonf/ txufwef;ynmudk us½IH;cJYzl;onf/ yxrESpfaumvdyfynm oifMum;pOf wGifvnf; us½IH; cJYzl;onf/ olonf "r®usrf;pmausmif; wufa&muf pOfwGif toufwm ajymif;vJcJYygonf/ uREkfyfrlum; aumvdyfynm'kwd,tBudrf rajzqdkcif toufwmajymif;vJcJYNyD; jzpfygonf/ tuREkfyfonf ckESpf? pufwif bmv&uf eHeuf qkawmif;wfjyKtpDpOfü a'gufwmcsm;vfa*s0kb&dcsf a[mMum;aom a'omemawmftm;jzifh ajymif;vJcJh oljzpfygonf/ a'gufwmwqkef;rlum;? e,l;a,mufjrdKU Union Theological Seminary ,leD,H"r®aA'qdkif&mausmif;? yxrESpftukef toufwm ajymif;vJ cJYoljzpfonf/ vlwdkif;twGuf a,½I&Sif"r®oDcsif;udk oDqdkcJhonf/

vlwdkif; twGufa,½I&SifaeY&uftcsdefem&Dwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif
vlwdkif;twGufa,½I&SifaeY&uftcsdefem&Dwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif
   (1810-1883?ar&D'D*sHK;oDuHk;aom"vlwdkif;twGufa,½I) /

or®musrf;pmausmif;ü toufwm

a'gufwmqkef;\ Union Seminary (vGwfvyfpGm awG;ac:aom "r®usrf;pmausmif;ü wufa&mufpOf b0tawGYtBuHKonf ,aeYuREkfyfwdkYüvnf; xdktawGY tBuHKqifwljzpfysuf aeygonf/ uREkfyfonf u,fvDzdk;eD;,m; jynfe,f [efwdefwefyufpf toif;awmfü toufwmrajymif;vJcif usrf;pmausmif;wufa&mufzdkY tac:cH&ygonf/ a'gufwmqkef;uJhodkY uREkfyfw½kwfwfEkdifiHü c&pf,mefomoemjyK&efqE´ jiif;jycJYoljzpfonf/ *sdrf;pf[mqefawvmEkifh*Ref0DovD\ c&D;pOfpmtkyfudk uREkfyfzwfMum;NyD;aemuf uREfkyfonf xdkif0rfESifh a[mifaumifodkY omoemjyKoGm;a&muf&efbk&m;&Sifac:cJYonf[k cHpm;cJY&ygonf/ 1960 ckESpf tapmydkif; uREkfyfonf w½kwfbmompum;udk avhvmoif,lcJYygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; avmpftdef *s,fvdwfNrdKY"r®usrf;pmausmif; pwif0ifa&mufaomtcg w½kwf bmompum; avYvmjcif; ysufjym;cJ&ygonf/ 1961 ckESpf? Ze0g&DvwGif? avmpfY tdef*s,fvdwfNrKdY yxrw½kwf ESpfjcif;toif;awmfü yg0ifcJYygonf/ uREkfyftouf(19) ESpfjynfYygNyD/ xdkESpf"r®ynm oifMum;a&;ESpfwGif vkyfaqmif&rnfYtcsdefZ,m; jyefusuf aeonf/ ntpDpOfüom "r®usrf;pmoifMum;cJY&onf/ Sunday School oifMum;ay;&onf/ we*FaEGnwdkif; *sLeD,mtoif;om;?olrsm;tm; w&m;a[mMum;&onf/ w½kwfESpfjcif; toif;awmfü aomMumn? paenrsm;üvnf;tjcm;aom wm0efrsm; aqmif&GufcJY &onf/ aeYtcsdefwGif tvkyf&NyD;ntpDpOfüomusrf;pmoifMum;&cJY&onf/ aomMumnaeydkif;rS we*FaEGnaeydkif; txdaqmif&Guf&aomaMumifh trSefwu,f yifyef;cJY&onf/ ausmif;tkyf &mxl;vsmxm;aom &dufcsm;pfedwfZGefvrf;nTefonfY twdkif;uREkfyfOnf a'gufwmaemfrefAif; ZefpfyD,m a&;om;aom The Power of Positive Thinking udkzwfMum;cJYygonf/ a'gufwmyD,monf (vGwfvyfpGmawG;ac:orm;) jzpfrSef;xdkpOfurodcJYyg/ odkYaomf ola&;om;xm;aom acgif;pOfwpfcku uREkfyftm;pdwfxJü pGJNrJapcJY\/xdkacgif;pOfü zdvdyÜd4;13 udka'gufwmyD,ma&;om;cJYonf/

}}igYudkcGef;tm;ESifhjynfYpHkapawmfrlaom c&pfawmftm;jzifhcyfodrf;aom trIwdkYudk igwwfpGrf;Ekdif\}} (zdvdyÜd 4;13)/

xdkusrf;ydk'f\*wdawmfonf uREkfyfb0toufwm tvSnfYtajymif;wpfck jzpfapcJ onf/ xdkusrf;ydk'fzdvdyÜd4;13ukd aeYwdkif;yifqifjcifoHk;oyfcJY&\ xdkpOf ¤if;*wdawmfu c&pfawmfonfuREkfyftm; trSefwu,fcGeftm;jzpfapcJYygonf/ aeYcif;bufwGif u,fvDzdk;eD; ,m;jynfe,f aumvdyfausmif;om;b0udkESifh pnfyifom,ma&; tvkyfvkyfcJY&NyD; nbuftpDpOfü "r®usrf;pmausmif;ü ynmoifMum;&onf/ tywfpOf aomMumnrSwe*FaEGnqdktxd w½kwfESpfjcif;toif;awmfü rtm;rvyf tvkyfvkyf&ygonf/ 1970ckESpfu,fvDzdk;eD;,m;jynfe,f avftdef*s,fvdwfNrKYdü aEGOD;&moDcsdefwGif "r®®bGJYudk &&SdcJYygonf/- vlwdkif;twGufa,½I"r®oDcsif;udkxyfrHoDqdkonf/

vlwdkif;twGufa,½I aeY&uftcsdefem&Dwdkif;twGufa,½I&Sif
vlwdkif;twGufa,&I aeY&uftcsdefem&Dwdkif;twGufa,½I&Sif

yxrw½kwfESpfjcif;toif;awmfonf awmifbufjcrf;ESpfjcif; vGefAef½Sif;ESifh wGJzuf xm;ygonf/ uREkfyftm;bdodufcH,lzdkY usrf;pmausmif;udkoGm;&ef awmifbufjcrf; ESpfjcif; toif;awmfunTefMum;cJYygonf/ 1960ckESpf? pufwifbmvu u,fvDzdk;eD;,m;[ef wdefwefyufpfyxrESpfjcif; toif;awmfü w&m;a[m&ef vdkifpif&&SdNyD;jzpfaomfvnf; ¤if; 1970ckESpf Bachelor's degree udk&&Sdaomfjim;vnf; ¤if; Master of Divinity (M.Div.) bGJYukdaemuffESpfroifMum;ygubdodufray;aomaMumifh xkdor®m usrf;pmausmif;ü ynmoif cJh&ygonf/ uREkfyfonf Talbot School of Theology at Biola üynmoifMum;&ef aiGaMu;rvHkavmufaomaMumifh?qefz&efppfudkteD;rm&def;rDvfADvJ? Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary ü "r®ynm oifBum;&ef tcGifhtvrf;&&SdcJhygonf/ ¤if; usr;fpm ausmif;onfibera NzpfaomfNim;vnf; yxrw&kwfESpfNcif;toif;awmf acgif;aqmif q&mBuD; a'gufwmwdarmvif;uconservative TheologyESifh usrf;pmudktaotcsm ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm uREkfyftm; oifBum;ay;xm;aomaBumifhuREkfyftm; em;vnfod&SdrI rsm;apcJhygonf/

uREkfyftm; Golden Gate Seminary odkY"r®ynmoifMum;&ef apvTwfcJYMuaomfvnf; xdkausmif;awmf oGm;a&mufynmoif&efrSmtBuHOmPfaumif;awmh r[kwfyg/ xdkausmif;\ oifMum;jcif;uvufawGY trlawmfaqmifzdkY&efrSm vGwfvyfpGm awG;ac:rlrsm; uvTrf;rdk;aecJYonf/ Golden Gate Seminary onf 1926 ckESpf aEG&moDü a'gufwm*Refqkef; wufa&mufcJYaome,l;a,mufNrKdY Union Theological Seminary üoifMum;orQ onfvnf; Golden Gate üoifMum;aomjzpfEkdifacs tvm;rsm;udkom oifMum;cJYonf/ a'gufwm *Refqkef;\tw¬KyÜwåd a&;olu Union Seminary taMumif; xdkuJhodkY rSwfwrf;wifcJYygonf/ (*Refqkef;) rMumrSD*Refqkef;u or®musrf;pmawmfESifh c&pf,mefwkdY\ tajccH,HkMunfjcif; onf a'omemESifhoufqdkifayonf[k awGYjrifcJY&ygonf/ jyóemtaMumif; w&m;wdkif;ukd vlUnmPftm;jzifhomajz&Sif;cJh onfukdawG.&ygonf/ or®musrf;ü ygorQ tMumif;t&m rsm;onf odyÜHenf;usustHh0ifcGifusrjzpf onfukdawG.&ygonf/ ,HkMunfcH,lcsufonfvnf; t"dyÜg,f r&SdvSay/ urÇmOD;usrf; onfordkif;rqefyg/ tHhMozG,f vu©Pmrsm; onfvnf; odyÜHenf;vrf;rusay/ a,½I\ ordkif;pOfonfvnf; pdwful;,OfrQomjzpf vufawGYrqefay/ udk,fpm; taocHay;jcif;ESifh aojcif;rS &Sifjyefxajrmufjcif; udkvnf; jiif;y,fxm;ygonf/ qkawmif;jcif;vnf; t"dyÜg,fr&Sd[l\/ aumif;uifbHkrS qif;oufNyD; vlom;jzpfjcif; onfvnf; oem;p&m? &,farmp&maumif;\[k a&;om;onf/ (Leslie T. Lyall, A Biography of John Sung; Flame of God in the Far East, Overseas Missionary Fellowship, 1965 edition, pp. 29-30). þtaMumif;t&mrsm;onf uREkfyfrmpwmtwef;udk Golden Gate Seminary üoifMum;ouJYodkY xyfwljzpfaeygonf/ usrf;pmausmif;ü a'gufwm*Refqkef;onf i,f&G,fpOf uoif;tkyfq&m jzpfaomzcif oifMum;orQeD;yg; aysmufvTifhukefygonf/ olonf Ak'¨0g'ESifYawmif0g'ukd oifMum;avhvmcJYonf/ olvdkcsif &SmazGcJYaom Nidrfoufjcif;udk (Lao-Tze) avmifaZpfh\ oifMum;jcif;uom ,laqmifay;aumif; onf[k cHpm; vmcJhonf/ olonfavmif aZpfhudkawmifwufNcrf;[k bmomjyefcJYonf/ w½kwf tawG;tac: ynm&Sifrsm;\ pmtkyfukdvnf; zwfMum;cJYonf/ ol\tdyfcef;wGifvnf; Ak'¨usrf;uef*gxmudkvnf; zwf&GwfcJYonf/ Ak'¨w&m;ü a&;om;xm;ouJYodkY rdrd udk,fudkrdrd jiif;y,frkef;wD;jcif; utuRwfw&m;udk &&SdcJYonf[laom Ak'¨usrf;uef;udkvnf; zwfMum; cJYonf/ ol\pdwfESvHk;onf tarSmifxkxJodkY usa&mufcJYayNyD/. olajymMum;a&;om;onfrSm igY0dnmOfonf oJuEÅm&xJü ajy;vTm;aeonf[k a&;om;cJY\/ igYESvHk;om;onfvnf; rNidrf;rouf aysmf½TifrIr&Sd[lí a&;om;cJYygonf/ Rev. William E. Schubert a&;om;]] uGsEkfyf*Gsefqkef;ukd owd&onf}} [laom a'gufqkef\ udk,fa&;tw¬KyÜwdudk www.strategicpress.org. ü 0ifa&muf zwf½IEdkifygonf/

a'gufwm*Ref;qkef; BuKHawGYcJY&aomtawGYtBuHK ajrmufrsm;pGm uJhodkY Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary ü uREkfyf pmoifESpfwwd,ESpfü BuHKawGYcJY&ygonf/ "r®ynmoifcsdef wwd,ESpfNyD; ajrmufaomtcg wudk,fxJtxD;usefae&\? pdwfzdpD; jcif;cH&\? omoemjyKoGm;&efudk tqdk;taumif; tav;xm; pOf;pm;cJYonf/ þtcsdefü uREkfyfcH pm;csufrsm;onf a'gufqkef;\cHpm;csufESifhtvm;wljzpfonf/ ]]vlwddkif;twGuf a,½I&Sif}} [laom"r®oDcsif;udk oDqdkonf/

vlwdkif;twGufa,½I aeY&uftcsdefem&Dwdkif;twGufa,½I&Sif
vlwdkif;twGufa,&I aeY&uftcsdefem&Dwdkif;twGuf a,½I&Sif

toufwmajymif;vJjcif;

odkYygaomfvnf; xl;jcm;aomuGJjym;jcm;em;csufwpfckom &Sdonf/ *Refqkef;u touf wmrajymif;vJao;yg/ uREkfyfrlum; 1961 ckESpf pufwifbmvtwGif; ppfrSefaom toufwmü ajymif;vJcJYNyD;jzpfonf/ uREkfyfrlum; Golden Gate Seminary rwdkifcifbdktdkvm aumvdyfü yif'kwd,arG;zGm;jcif;cHcJYNyD;jzpfí xl;jcm;aomtouf&Sifjcif; a,½ItaoG;awmf tm;jzifh tjypfaq;aMumoefYpifjcif;cHcJY&jcif;jzpfaeygonf/ "r®usrf;pmausmif;ü xyfwlpdwfzdpD; cHpm;rI &SdcJYMuonf/a'gufwmqkef;onf c&pfawmfxHjyefvSnfYvmNyD; toufwmajymif;vJcJYonf/ uREfkyftm; a,½Ibk&m;ü ajymif;vJNyD;om; jzpfygonf/ okdYaomf omoemjyKroGm;Ekdif&ef pmwefrmefewfuaoG;aqmifaejcif;omjzpfonf/ aemufqHk;aom nOfYeuf(2) em&DtcsddefwGif usrf;wpfcsufu uREfkyf\pdwfESvHk; om;xJpD;0ifvmcJYygonf/ ]]xkdaus;Zl;ukd rdrdcspfawmf rlaom c&pfawmfü igwkYdtm;ay;awmfrl[l\/}} ({zuf1;6) uREfkyfonfcsufcsif; tdyf&m rSEkd;xjyD; ¤if;usrf;ykdufukd &SmazGzwfMum;cJYonf/ bk&m;&Sifu þusrf;onfoifYtzkdY jzpf\ [lí qkdvkdjcif;yifjzpfonf/ ]]oifonfxkdokdYaus;Zl;ukdcH&aomol}} jzpf\/ ]]oifonf rdrd cspfaom c&pfawmfü &SdaeaomaMumifY}} jzpf\/ wOD;wa,mufurS oiYfukdrcspfaomfvnf; igoifYukd cspf\/ ]]oifonfrdrdcspfawmfrlaom c&pfawmfa,½Iü &SdaeaomaMumifY}} [l\/ uREkfvnf;xí ckefvSsuf taEG;xnfukd0wfqifum usrf;pmausmif; aemufbufaxmifY vlpmuav;okdY ntarSmifxJajy;í csD;rGrf;rdawmYonf/ uREkfyfonf qefz&efppukdü aepOfxkdawmif ylpmuav;okdY tcsdefwkdif;oGm;jzpfcJYonf/ qefz&efppfukdrS ta&SYawmifbuf jcrf;\ rD;tvif; wef;ukdjrifedkif\/ taemufbufjcrf; u awmifxdyf ukdvnf; jrifawGY&onf/ at;pufaom a&rSKefav;rsm;u uREkfyf\qHyifawGukd a[GY,rf;aejyD; bk&m;&Sifu uREkfyftm; pum;ajymae[ef xifygonf/ ]],ckwGifoifonf vlawGauseyfatmif w&m;a[maezkdY r[kwfawmYyg/ uREkfyftm;auseyfapzkdYom w&m;a[m&rnf/}} ,ckwGif oifonf igYtzkdYw&m;a[mq&mjzpfaejyD/ bk&m;&Sifu ]]oiftkdonftxd oiftzkdUtvkyf rvkyf&yg/ igYtzkdY vkyfaqmif&rnf/}} uREkfyfonftdyf&mokd႔ jyefoGm;cJYonf/ t&kd;tqpf wkef&D vm\ þonf bk&m;&Sifu trSIawmfjrwftwGuf 'kwd,tMudrfac:jcif;yifjzpfonf/ ]]vlwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif[l aom "r®oDcsif;ukdoDqkdjyefonf/}}

vlwdkif;twGufa,½I aeY&uftcsdefem&Dwdkif;twGufa,½I&Sif
vlwdkif;twGufa,&I aeY&uftcsdefem&Dwdkif;twGuf a,½I&SSif

uREkfyfarSsmfrSef;xm;onfYtwkdif; a'gufwmqkef;uJYokdY omoemjyk q&mjzpfrvmcJYyg/ tckqkd&iftouf jynfYjyDjzpí tkdrif;aejyD/ uREkfyfqkawmif;aeonfrSm vGefcJYaom 1961 ckESpf ESpf t&G,fua0;vHacgifodaom t&SwkdufbufokdY {0Ha*vdq&m trIaqmif&Guf &ef&nf&G,fcJYorSsukd tifwmeuf rSw&m;a[mcsufrsm;? uREkfyfa'oemrsm;ukd ukd;um; aumufEkwfjyD; ]]uREkfyf \ae&mü}} &yfwnfay;um trIawmfjrwfxrf;&GufMu&ef qkawmif; aeygonf/ uaeYnvli,f q&mwpfOD;\ pum;ukd ,laqmifvmygw,f/ rMumao;rSDu odu©mawmf&[Gm,ef; rav;½Sm;EkdifiHrS xkwfa0cJYaom]] (Extracts From the Diary of John Sung, Genesis, 2008) xJujzpfonf။ vGefcJYaomtouf40 avmufuaygY? vli,ft&G,f wkef;ujzpfonf/ tm&SwpfcGif ,HkMunfcdkifrmaom c&pf,mefbmom0ifwdkY wdk;wuf ajymif;vJ Muonfudk awGYjrifcJYygonf/ uREkfyf\tjrift&? c&pfawmfbk&m;\trINyD;ajrmuf NyD;jzpfonf/ um;wkdifay: a<u;aMumfcJYaomtaMumift&mudk ta&;wBuD; vkyfaqmifMuzdkY vdktyfaeayNyD jzpfí bk&m;&Sifu ac:zdwfaeNyDjzpfonf/ a'gufwm*Refqkef; em;vnf oabmaygufouJYodkY? *sdrf'efeDuESvkH;om; todpdwfjzifh xdktrIawmfudk tm&SwpfcGifü opöm&Sd&SdvkyfaqmifzdkY vdkaeayNyDjzpfonf qdk\/ c&pf,mefvli,f rsdK;qufopftrIaqmifrsm; ,aeYtm&SwpfcGif ewf qdk;rsm; tpdk;w&jyKaeaom(rdrdudk,fudkjiif;y,faom) ,aeU tarSmif urÇmxJü trIawmf aqmif&efay:xGef;aeayNyD/ wu,fomrsdK;qufopf c&pf,mef vli,frsm; &JY&JY0H0Hhbk&m;&Sif\ trIawmfrsm;twGufr&SufraMumuf vkyfaqmifMurnfqdkygu ,aeY rdrdudk,fudk jiif;y,f &rnf[laom bmomw&m;uae c&pfawmfocif\EkdifiHawmf tzdkY? bk&m; &Sif\bkef;toa& tzdkYtvdkYiSg OD;aqmifvkyfaqmifaeMuygvdrfYrnf/ (Rev. Hwa Young, The Journal Oncc Lost; Extracts from the Diary of John Sung, Genesis, 2008, pp. xiv-xv).

]]vlwdkif;twGufa,&I&Sif}}[laom"r®oDcsif;udkoDqdkrnf/

vlwdkif;twGufa,½I aeY&uftcsdefem&Dtwdkif;twGufa,½I&Sif
vlwdkif;twGufa,½IaeY&uftcsdefem&Dtwdkif;twGufa,½I&Sif

rdrdudk,fudkjiif;y,f&rnfY [lí t,lpGJolwkdY topfaomtoufwmü ajymif;aeMuygNyD;/ oifwdkYtNypftwGufa,½IocifxH 0efcs&rnf/ rdrdwkdY\tjypftm;vkH;udk pGefYvTwf&ygrnf/ *Refqkef;onf ajymifajrmufaom c&pf,mef,HkMunfol jzpfonf/ taMumif;rSm wdusí rSefuefaom toufwmü ajymif;vJoljzpfonf/ rdrdudk,fudkjiif;y,foljzpfonf olydkifqdkifaom qkwHqdyfrsm;? wuúodkvfausmif;om;(a,musFm;) rsm;toif; *kPfjyKqHkaomwHqdyfwdkYudk ork'´&mxJ vTifypfcJholjzpfonf/ olonf "gwkaA'qdkif&m a'gufwmbGJYudk qGwfcl;cJY aomfvnf; ynmrJYvlom;uJYodkY w½kwfEkdifiHodkYjyefvmNyD; w½kwfEkdifiHESifh taa&SUawmif tm&SwpfcGifü {0Ha*vdowif;aumif;udka0iScJYol jzpfygonf/ *Refqkef;u rdrdü&SdorQudk pGefYvTwf&jcif;onfxdkxuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm omvQuf&Sdaom toufwmü &SdaeaomaMumifh jzpf\/olYtoufwm rajymif;vJcif tenf;i,frSm? bk&m;&Sifu *Refqkef;tm; pum; ajymcJYonf/

]]vlonfþpBuFm0|mudk t<uif;rJYtpdk;&í rdrdtouf0dnmOf ½IH;vQif tb,faus;Zl; &Sdoenf;/}} (rmuk 8;36)

oifYtoufwmukd aemufaMumif;aemufaMumif; bufokdUqGJac:aeaomtjypf\ vkyf&yf rSeforSs &yfwef;u&yfvkdufyg/ oifUtjypftao; pdwfukdbk&m&SifxH0efcsawmif;yefvkdufyg/ oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf oifUtjypftm;vkH;ukd azmfjyygvdrfYrnf/ þavmu\ tvkd awmfukdpGefYvTwfvkdufyg/ vufavQmYvkdufyg/ c&pfawmfociftm; oifYtoufwmü yxr OD;pm;ay; vkdufyg/ c&pfawmfocif\taoG;awmf üoifYtjypfrsm;ukd oefYpifaq;aMumvkdufyg/ jyD;aemuf oifYtoufwmonf c&pfawmf\tzkdY qufvufí &Sifoefyg/ ukd,fpGrf;? OmPfpGrf;? &SdorQjzifYc&pfawmftzkdU&Sifoefyg/ uREkfyfESkifYtwl{0Ha*vdvkyfief;twGuf paeaeYnü <uvSrf; cJYyg/ uREkfyfwkdUESkifYtwl we*FaEGeHeufykdif;0wfjyKcsdefESifY naeykdif;0wfjyKcsdefü vma&mufyg0ifyg/ c&pfawmfociftzkdY ukd,fpGrf;&SdorQ OmPfpGrf;&SdorQ toufwm qufuyf tyfESHvkdufyg/ a'gufwm*Gsefqkef;\ ]]ppfrSefaomtoufwmü ajymif;vJjcif;}} [laom a'oemawmfukd tifwmeufwGifzwf½IEkdifygonf/ aus;Zl;jyKí ]]vlwkdif;tzkdYa,½I&Sif[laom}} "r®oDcsif;eHygwf(3)ukdoDqkdMuygpkdY/

a,½Ivlwkdif;\a,½I uREkfyfwkdYtm;a&G;Ekwfu,fw,faom wefckd;&Sif awG;ac:vkyfaqmifav&m tcsdefwdkif;? em&Dwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif

vlwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif aeY&uftcsdefem&Dwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif
vlwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif aeY&uftcsdefem&Dwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif
   (1810-1883ckESpf?ar&D*sdrf;pfa&;om;oDukH;aom]]vlwkdif;twGufa,½I&Sif)/

a'oemed*Hk;
a'gufwmtdkifrm\ w&m;a'oemudk tifwufeufpmrsufESm tywfwdkif; zwf½IEdkif
onf/www.realconversion.com ESdyfyg ]]w&m;a'oempmrl}}

You may email Dr. Hymers at rlhymersjr@sbcglobal.net, (Click Here) –
or you may write to him at P.O. Box 15308, Los Angeles, CA 90015.
Or phone him at (818)352-0452.

a'oemawmfrwdkifcifa'gufwm*&dwfweft,fcsefrS{zuf1;3-7udkzwfMum;ao;ygonf/
a'oemawmfrwdkifcifrpöwmbif*srifcifudwf*&dwfzufpfrS 1849-1919 ckESpf?
                *sLvD,m*Refpwkef;a&;aom]] tjypfw&m;xuf aus;Zl;w&m;BuD;jrwf\}}
[laom"r®oDcsif;udk oDqdk ay;ygonf/